Electric vehicles

Electric vehicles suffer from a number of problems. Range, long charging times, and a number of other issues are dealt with in the following papers.

  • C. King, W. Griggs, F. Wirth, K. Quinn, R. Shorten, Alleviating a form of electric vehicle range anxiety through on-demand vehicle access, to appear in International Journal of Control.
  • M. Liu, W. Griggs, C. King, F. Wirth, P. Borrel, R. Shorten, Applying a QoS-based fleet dimension method to reduce fleet emissions, 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 732-733, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013.
  • C. King, W. Griggs, F. Wirth, R. Shorten, Using a car sharing model to alleviate electric vehicle range anxiety, The 16th Yale Workshop on Adaptive and Learning Systems, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, June 2013.  [discussed in "WirtschaftsWoche"]
  • S. Stüdli, E. Crisostomi, R. Middleton, R. Shorten, A flexible distributed framework for realising electric and plug-in hybrid vehicle charging policies, International Journal of Control, vol. 85, no. 8, pp. 1130-1145, 2012.
  • A. Schlote, E. Crisostomi, S. Kirkland, R. Shorten, Traffic modelling framework for electric vehicles, International Journal of Control, vol. 85, no. 7, pp. 880-897, 2012.
  • S. Stüdli, E. Crisostomi, R. Middleton, R. Shorten, AIMD-like algorithms for charging electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference, Greenville, South Carolina, USA, 2012.
  • S. Stüdli, W. Griggs, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, On optimality criteria for V2G charging strategies, 1st International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 345-346, Beijing, China, 2012.

Vehicle-grid integration

The following papers investigate ideas concerning the integration of vehicles into the grid.

  • F. Häusler, E. Crisostomi, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, Smart Procurement Of Naturally Generated Energy (SPONGE) for PHEVs.  http://arxiv.org/abs/1501.02931v1
  • S. Stüdli, E. Crisostomi, R. Middleton, J. Braslavsky, R. Shorten, Distributed load management using additive increase multiplicative decrease based techniques, in S. Rajakaruna, F. Shahnia, A. Ghosh (Eds.), Power Systems:  Plug In Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids (Energy Management), pp. 173-202, 2015, Springer.
  • M. Liu, E. Crisostomi, Y. Gu, R. Shorten, Optimal distributed consensus algorithm for fair V2G power dispatch in a microgrid, IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference, Florence, Italy, 2014.
  • E. Crisostomi, M. Liu, M. Raugi, R. Shorten, Plug-and-play distributed algorithms for optimized power generation in a microgrid, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 2145-2154, 2014.
  • S. Stüdli, E. Crisostomi, R. Middleton, R. Shorten, Optimal real-time distributed V2G and G2V management of electric vehicles, International Journal of Control, vol. 87, no. 6, pp. 1153-1162, 2014.
  • S. Stüdli, W. Griggs, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, On optimality criteria for reverse charging of electric vehicles, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 451-456, 2014.

Hybrid vehicles and pollution control

Hybrid vehicles offer great flexibility in the way that they interact with our cities. They can be polluting where there are no people or sensitive spots in the city (schools or hospitals), and non-polluting elsewhere. This offers new tools as to how these vehicles can interact with our cities. Pollution control ideas in this direction are documented in the following publications.

  • F. Häusler, M. Faizrahnemoon, A. Schlote, E. Crisostomi, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, A framework for real-time emissions trading in large scale vehicle fleets, to appear in IET Intelligent Transportation Systems.
  • A. Schlote, F. Häusler, T. Hecker, A. Bergmann, E. Crisostomi, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, Cooperative regulation and trading of emissions using plug-in hybrid vehicles, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1572-1585, 2013.
  • F. Häusler, M. Faizrahnemoon, E. Crisostomi, A. Schlote, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, A framework for optimal real-time emissions trading in large-scale vehicle fleets, 9th ITS European Congress, Dublin, Ireland, 2013. [Best Paper Award]
  • A. Schlote, F. Häusler, T. Hecker, A. Bergmann, E. Crisostomi, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, Cooperative regulation of emissions using plug-in hybrid vehicles, 1st International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 201-202, Beijing, China, 2012. [Best Digest Paper - Runner-Up]
  • F. Knorn, M. Corless, R. Shorten, A result on implicit consensus with application to emissions control, 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, and European Control Conference 2011, pp. 1299-1304, Orlando, Florida, USA, 2011.
  • TwinLin Project

Parking and charging

Parking is a new interest for us. Some early work can be found in the following papers.

  • R. Cogill, O. Gallay, W. Griggs, C. Lee, Z. Nabi, R. Ordonez, M. Rufli, R. Shorten, T. Tchrakian, R. Verago, F. Wirth, S. Zhuk, Parked cars as a service delivery platform, 3rd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, Vienna, Austria, 2014.
  • A. Schlote, C. King, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, Delay-tolerant stochastic algorithms for parking space assignment, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 1922-1935, 2014.
  • F. Häusler, E. Crisostomi, A. Schlote, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, Stochastic park-and-charge balancing for fully electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 895-901, 2014.
  • A. Schlote, B. Chen, M. Sinn, R. Shorten, The effect of feedback in the assignment problem in shared bicycle systems, 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 960-961, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013.
  • A. Schlote, C. King, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, Stochastic algorithms for parking space assignment, 9th ITS European Congress, Dublin, Ireland, 2013.
  • F. Häusler, E. Crisostomi, A. Schlote, I. Radusch, R. Shorten, Stochastically balanced parking and charging for fully electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, 1st International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 341-342, Beijing, China, 2012.

Routing

Routing of cars through our cities is an area open for innovative approaches. Some new ideas in this domain can be found in the following papers.

  • F. Häusler, R.H. Ordóñez-Hurtado, W.M. Griggs, I. Radusch, R.N. Shorten, Closed-loop flow regulation with balanced routing, 3rd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, Vienna, Austria, 2014.
  • A. Schlote, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, Balanced routing for EVs, 1st International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 343-344, Beijing, China, 2012.
  • E. Crisostomi, S. Kirkland, R. Shorten, Robust and risk-averse routing algorithms in road networks, 18th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), pp. 9512-9517, Milano, Italy, 2011.

Traffic modelling

We have worked on a number of traffic models that allow control design and routing for several vehicle classes. Some early work can be found in the following papers.

  • M. Faizrahnemoon, A. Schlote, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, A Google-like model for public transport, 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 612-613, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013.
  • E. Crisostomi, S. Kirkland, R. Shorten, A Google-like model of road network dynamics and its application to regulation and control, International Journal of Control, vol. 84, no. 3, pp. 633-651, 2011.
  • E. Crisostomi, S. Kirkland, A. Schlote, R. Shorten, Markov Chain Based Emissions Models: A Precursor for Green Control, in Green IT: Technologies and Applications, Springer, pp. 381-400, 2011.
  • A. Schlote, E. Crisostomi, S. Kirkland, R. Shorten, A Google-like model of road network dynamics, The 15th Yale Workshop on Adaptive and Learning Systems, Yale University, New Haven, 2011.

Hardware-in-the-loop traffic simulation

Evaluating the success of new large-scale intelligent transportation systems methodologies can prove difficult, given that researchers and engineers usually do not have access to very large test fleets of real vehicles equipped with the appropriate devices and technologies. We are building a platform that embeds real vehicles into large-scale traffic scenarios emulated by SUMO. Our platform provides the advantage of being able to demonstrate proof-of-concept on a real vehicle while it interacts with many simulated vehicles.

  • W.M. Griggs, R.H. Ordóñez-Hurtado, E. Crisostomi, F. Häusler, K. Massow, R.N. Shorten, A large-scale SUMO-based emulation platform, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.
  • W.M. Griggs, R.N. Shorten, Embedding real vehicles in SUMO for large-scale ITS scenario emulation, 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 962-963, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013. [Best Digest Paper Award]

Speed Advisory Systems

  • Y. Gu, M. Liu, E. Crisostomi, R. Shorten, Optimised consensus for highway speed limits via intelligent speed advisory systems, 3rd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, Vienna, Austria, 2014.
  • R.H. Ordóñez-Hurtado, W.M. Griggs, K. Massow, R.N. Shorten, Evaluation of a new intelligent speed advisory system using hardware-in-the-loop simulation, 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo, pp. 945-946, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013.
  • R.H. Ordóñez-Hurtado, W.M. Griggs, K. Massow, R.N. Shorten, Intelligent speed advising based on cooperative traffic scenario determination, in H. Waschl, I. Kolmanovsky, M. Steinbuch, L. del Re (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences:  Optimization and Optimal Control in Automotive Systems, vol. 455, pp. 77-92, 2014, Springer.

Cooperative Positioning

Integrated chassis control and vehicle emulator

We worked on design of vehicle emulators in the context of the CEMACS project. This was in collaboration with Mercedes-Benz.

  • C. Villegas, M. Corless, W. Griggs, R. Shorten, A passivity based decentralized control design methodology with application to vehicle dynamics control, Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, vol. 134, no. 1, 2012.
  • C. Villegas, Y.-L. Chow, M. Corless, R. Shorten, W. Griggs, A decentralized control technique for vehicle chassis control, 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, and European Control Conference 2011, pp. 2535-2540, Orlando, Florida, USA, 2011.

Rollover prevention

For a sample of our work on rollover prevention, see the following papers.

  • J. Chiu, S. Solmaz, M. Corless, R. Shorten, A methodology for the design of robust rollover prevention controllers for automotive vehicles using differential braking, International Journal of Vehicle Automomous Systems, 2010.
  • Solmaz, S., Akar M., Shorten R., Realtime Multiple-Model Estimation of Center of Gravity Position in Automotive Vehicles", Vehicle systems dynamics, 46(9), pages 763-788, 2008.
  • Solmaz, S., Shorten, R., Wulff, K. and OCairbre, F., design methodology for the design of switched discrete time systems with application to Automotive Control, Automatica, 44(9), pages 2358-2363, 2008.
  • Solmaz S., Corless M., Shorten R., "A methodology for the design of robust rollover prevention controllers for automotive vehicles with active steering", International Journal of Control, 80(11), pp. 1763-1779, 2007
  • Solmaz S., and Shorten R., "Method for Determining the Tire Conditions of a Vehicle", European Patent Application No. 09010853.1, August 2009
  • Solmaz S., Akar M., Shorten R., "Method for Determining the Center of Gravity for an Automotive Vehicle", Irish Patent Ref: (S2006/0162), March 2006. PCT International publication number: WO 2007/098891 A1 and PCT/EP2007/001584, September 2007.

Smart gearbox design

Our earliest work was a smart gearbox design.

  • (with K. Hunt as co-inventor), Verfahren zur fahrweisen und/oder fahrzustandsabhangingen Schaltstufeneinstellung für ein Kraftfahrzeug-Automatgetriebe (in German).  Patent number 19501315 (Munchen), 1995.

Suspension design

We have also done some work on suspension design for both conventional and electric vehicles.

  • M. Readman, M. Corless, C. Villegas, R. Shorten, Adaptive Williams filters for active vehicle suspensions, Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 660-676, 2010.

People

Robert Shorten; Douglas Leith; Arieh Schlote; Mahsa Faizrahnemoon; Rodrigo Ordóñez-Hurtado; Wynita Griggs; Mingming Liu; Yingqi Gu; Martin Corless.

Former: Selim Solmaz, Mehmet Akar, Carlos Villegas, Felix Goldberg, Shravan Sajja.

Partners

NEC Research; Fraunhofer Fokus; IBM; Yale University; Purdue; Daimler.

Positions

  1. Post-doctoral researcher in the area of transportation/pollution modelling and control (with specific regard to new vehicle types and vehicle mixes);
  2. Post-doctoral researcher in the area of control and optimization of massively large-scale systems with constraints (incorporating best effort notions);
  3. Post-doctoral researcher in the area of cooperative mobility systems and applications of v2x technologies (including co-modal mobility).
  4. Ph.D. position in the area of cooperative control and optimization with application to transportation networks.
  5. Ph.D. position in feedback based stochastic routing with application to transportation systems.
  6. Ph.D. position in cooperative ECO adaptive cruise control.
  7. Ph.D. position in cooperative algorithms for PHEV charging and grid integration.
  8. Ph.D. position in cooperative sensing with specific application to cooperative GPS applications.

A background and knowledge of one or more of the following areas is desirable: Control and Optimization; Pollution modelling and sensing; v2X; LDM technologies; Plug-in FEV and PHEV; Routing algorithms; GPS; Automotive systems; Economics. Strong industry participation in the project is anticipated.